Certification Exam (EMCC) – March 2024 - J3 Trainers & Consultants Inc.

1. Power factor (PF) is the ratio between a system’s true power and its apparent power. The power triangle shows that the increase in reactive power (kVAr) results to subsequent increase in ___________ power of the system.

A. True power (kW)

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B. Apparent power (kVA)

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C. Total power

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D. Real power (kW)

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2. Knowing and ensuring compliance with legal and other requirements is the duty of the:

A. Energy auditor

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B. Energy manager

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C. Legal officer

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D. All of the above

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3. The driving force that causes electrons to flow across a circuit?

A. Current

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B. Voltage

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C. Resistance

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D. Power

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4. _________ is a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining objective evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine extent to which the requirements of energy management systems are fulfilled.

A. Internal audit

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B. Third party audit

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C. Energy audit

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D. External audit

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5. Which component of an HVAC system is responsible for compressing the refrigerant and raising its temperature and pressure?

A. Evaporator

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B. Condenser

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C. Compressor

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D. Expansion Valve

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6. What are the units of illuminance used to measure light output?

A. Candela

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B. Lumens/Watt

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C. Lux

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D. Lumens

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7. If upon evaluation, an establishment is found to be noncompliant to energy audit report submission, what is the appropriate management action based on performance evaluation clause of ISO 50001:2018

A. Implement corrective action to fulfil a legal requirement

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B. Indicate an objectively verifiable indicator (OVI)

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C. Maintain documented information on the finding

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D. Conduct internal audit

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8. The reactive power is represented by what unit?

A. kVA

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B. kW

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C. kVAr

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D. PF

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9. At 100% load, what is typically the largest type of loss within an AC motor?

A. Friction and windage losses

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B. Core losses

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C. Stray load losses

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D. Resistive losses

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10. A management action that ensures continuing suitability, adequacy, effectiveness and alignment with the strategic direction of the organization.

A. Internal audit

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B. Management review

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C. Corrective action

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D. Performance evaluation

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11. A power factor is the ratio of ____________?

A. kW / kVA

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B. kVA / kW

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C. kVA / kVAr

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D. kVAr / kV

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12. ___________ are used by engineers to control heat radiation in and out of buildings.

A. Thermal radiation

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B. Low emissivity materials

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C. HVAC system

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D. Convection

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13. Ensuring that measurements, observations and past data are representative of operational practices during site visits is whose responsibility?

A. Energy auditor

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B. Organization being audited

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C. Management representative

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D. Energy auditee

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14. _________ is also known as “Fan Laws” and “Pump Laws”

A. 1st Law of Thermodynamics

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B. Ohm’s Law

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C. Affinity Law

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D. 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

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15. Energy audit is a systematic and detailed analysis of energy use and energy consumption to __________________ improvement on energy performance.

A. Review, analyze and recommend

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B. Observe, measure and determine

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C. Identify, quantify and report

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D. Plan, visit and analyze

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16. _________ and _________ is the first law and second law of thermodynamics, respectively

A. Energy conservation, energy efficiency

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B. Energy efficiency, energy conservation

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C. Energy conversion, energy efficiency

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D. Energy efficiency, energy conversion

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17. Type of electric current that flows in one direction through a circuit is ________ ?

A. DC

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B. AC

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C. AC/DC

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D. None of the Above

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18. Proper grounding in a facility will help to maintain

A. Power quality.

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B. Power factor.

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C. Load factor.

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D. Reactive power.

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19. The purpose of ASHRAE Standard 189.1 is to

A. Specify minimum requirements for HVAC system energy performance.

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B. Establish a green building assessment protocol.

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C. Specify minimum requirements for the design of green buildings.

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D. Establish methods of testing the seasonal efficiency of air conditioners and heat pumps.

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20. An energy audit has found that the HVAC system performance has drifted from its designed operation when it was originally commissioned. What process should the building owner undertake?

A. Recommissioning

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B. Retro-commissioning

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C. Measurement and Verification

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D. Benchmarking

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21. What makes it difficult for an air conditioner to cool a room.

A. Latent energy

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B. Condensation

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C. Thermal resistance

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D. Insulation

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22. _____ is a device that converts electrical energy into a mechanical energy.

A. Capacitor

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B. Conveyor

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C. Electric Motor

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D. Transformer

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23. Preventing energy consumption to rise again, after it has decreased as a result of energy conservation and efficiency efforts is the main concern of the concept of _______________.

A. Improvement

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B. P-D-C-A

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C. Both A and B

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D. Controls

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24. What is considered a pre-requisite of a corrective action?

A. Internal and third party energy audit

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B. Non-conformity raised

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C. Measurement and verification

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D. Management review

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25. DEs need to submit Energy Audit Reports during the first year of their compliance and every _____ , thereafter.

A. 1 year

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B. 2 years

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C. 3 years

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D. 4 years

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26. Which one is an energy efficiency measure?

A. Using sensors to turn-off light when not needed

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B. Unplugging appliances when not in use

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C. Vehicles with high fuel economy

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D. Walking instead of driving

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27. Most electrical energy ends up as thermal energy in the form of heat which most of the time just get lost and wasted. What is the trick that engineers do in order to optimize electricity use?

A. Maximize amount of work done by electricity

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B. Optimize use of mechanical energy

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C. Cogeneration

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D. All of the above

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28. Which device listed below, used to measure electric current?

A. Voltmeter

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B. Ammeter

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C. Tachometer

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D. Anemometer

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29. Power factor is mostly affected by inductive loads which:

A. Do not reduce power factor

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B. Cause current to slow down

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C. Cause voltage to slow down

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D. B and C

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30. For a given period of time, what is the ratio of the average energy consumption in a facility divided by the peak demand in the facility called?

A. Energy balance

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B. Demand charge

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C. Energy Use Index

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D. Load factor

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31. What are the two main categories of modern boilers?

A. Fire tube and water tube

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B. Combination and system

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C. Condensing and non-condensing

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D. High pressure and low pressure

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32. In which Energy Savings Performance Contract structure will an Energy Services Company (ESCO) pay the customer if the savings are less than expected?

A. Shared savings

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B. Guaranteed savings

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C. Chauffage

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D. Deemed savings

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33. A commercial DE with annual energy consumption of 500,001 kWh to 4,000,000 kWh equivalent for the previous year.

A. Other DE

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B. Type 1

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C. Type 2

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D. Type 3

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34. Which of the following is not typically part of a lender’s risk assessment of an Energy Savings Performance Contract?

A. Value of savings

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B. Customer creditworthiness

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C. Project complexity

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D. Contract terms

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35. Adding capacitors to a circuit to move its power factor closer to 100% is a technique called ______________.

A. Power factor correction

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B. Reactive power

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C. Bad power factor

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D. Supply voltage cycle

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36. _____ are centralized control systems designed to monitor, manage, and control various building services, including heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, and security.

A. BAS

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B. BMS

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C. BACS

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D. All of the above

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37. An electricity rate structure charged by a utility that varies for different hours of the day is called:

A. Demand ratchet

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B. Demand charge

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C. Time of use rate

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D. Tiered rate

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38. The fundamental relationship for savings verification includes “adjustment” of the baseline performance. Which of the following can not be considered baseline adjustment.

A. Changes in weather

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B. Process changes

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C. Changes in the production

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D. Changes in management

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39. What lighting quantity is the unit of measure to the actual output of the lamp?

A. Foot-Candle

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B. Lux

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C. Lumens

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D. Watts

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40. If the energy manager needs to understand where energy is used in the facility to identify savings opportunities, what is the best technique to use?

A. Calculate peak demand

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B. Energy balance

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C. Electrical load inventory

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D. Benchmarking

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41. Situations where there was no energy efficiency improvements made, no malfunctions occurred and production rate is typical, serves as a suitable ________ to determine relationship between energy consumption and production.

A. Baseline

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B. Variation

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C. Expression

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D. Performance

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42. ISO 50001 is

A. An international measurement and verification standard.

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B. A green building rating system.

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C. A green building standard.

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D. An international energy management standard.

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43. Quantities measured by the electric meter and used to determine the amount of monthly electric bills.

A. Demand and energy

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B. Kilowatt hours used and billing demand

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C. Maximum demand and energy consumed

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D. All of the above

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44. What lighting type typically used for circulation and general lighting to give a “sense of space?

A. Ambient Lighting

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B. Task Lighting

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C. Accent Lighting

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D. Multi Lighting

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45. _________ is a systematic analysis of energy use and energy consumption in order to identify, quantify and report on the opportunities of improved energy performance.

A. Internal audit

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B. Third party audit

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C. Energy audit

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D. External audit

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46. _______________ determines effectiveness of the energy management system and improvement of energy performance.

A. Energy audit

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B. Internal audit

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C. External audit

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D. Third party audit

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47. Which of the following is not among the many tasks of the energy manager:

A. Identify external expertise needed

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B. Assist future energy needs

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C. Recommend salary rates of technical workforce

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D. Conduct energy audits

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48. DEs that are allowed to conduct in-house energy audits by their own CEA subject to validation by a DoE Registered or Certified Energy Service Companies (ESCO) or DoE-Certified Energy Auditor.

A. Type 1

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B. Type 2

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C. Type 3

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D. Type 2 and Type 3

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49. The practice of energy benchmarking allows company to compare energy consumption to that of other similar plants. This helps companies set realistic savings target in which stage of energy management?

A. Planning and auditing

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B. Planning and monitoring

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C. Monitoring and targeting

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D. Measurement and verification

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50. ____________ provides a framework for setting and reviewing objectives and energy targets and is the basis for establishing actions plans to meet the energy goals and objectives.

A. Energy policy

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B. Energy management system

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C. Management commitment

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D. P-D-C-A

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51. Which of the following is not a financial mechanism commonly employed by utilities to encourage the development of distributed energy technologies?

A. Net metering

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B. Power-Purchase Agreement

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C. Energy performance contract

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D. Rebate

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52. If the energy manager needs to understand when energy is used in his facility, what record is most helpful? It is also called the “electrical fingerprint” of the facility.

A. Load factor

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B. Utility meter readings

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C. Demand profile

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D. Utility billing

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53. Requirement is one of the three components of a nonconformity statement, the other two being evidence and discrepancy. What does an auditor consider as requirement?

A. ISO 50001 or equivalent standard

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B. Internal requirement of the company

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C. Codes, standards and regulations

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D. All of the above

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54. In determining the audit scope and boundaries, the auditor needs to ensure that these are areas/processes that the organization:

A. Has operational control

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B. Has no operational control

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C. Has identified

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D. Has recommended

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55. Decision to integrate improvement opportunities into the business process is one of the expected output of ______________.

A. Energy review

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B. Internal audit

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C. Management review

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D. Continual improvement

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56. Which of the following is a selection criterion for choosing the right compressor?

A. Temperature

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B. Color

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C. Humidity

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D. Capacity

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57. What is a building envelope?

A. The boundary separating the inside from the outside and through which heat is transferred.

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B. The area where people work in a building.

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C. The area where the HVAC system is located in a building.

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D. The volume of the building inhabited by occupants.

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58. Setting energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and establishing energy baselines (EnBs) are performed in which step of the continual improvement cycle?

A. Plan

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B. Do

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C. Check

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D. Act

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59. What is the purpose of the building envelope?

A. To provide fresh air to the occupants.

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B. To regulate the indoor environment.

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C. To provide lighting to the occupants.

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D. To provide shelter to the occupants

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60. When an electric utility offers a facility some rate options like time-of-use, seasonal rates or other alternatives, what would be the best thing to do in order to determine which of the options can generate a best cost-saving opportunity?

A. Conduct detailed load analysis

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B. Establish energy consumption patterns

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C. Thorough review of utility bills

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D. Utility bill validation

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61. Administrative and organizational practices such as issuing policies, assigning energy responsibilities and recognizing best practices is an energy management approach under __________.

A. No significant investment

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B. Low investment

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C. High investment

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D. Low to high investment

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62. Which of the following conditions will occur if insufficient oxygen is provided to a boiler during combustion of natural gas?

A. The amount of carbon dioxide in the flue gas will increase

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B. The efficiency of the boiler will improve because there is less air to heat

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C. Less heat is lost in the stack

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D. Carbon monoxide will be produced

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63. Installing “controls” to effectively manage energy refers to technical, organizational and __________ approaches.

A. Financial

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B. Behavioral

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C. Operational

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D. Strategic

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64. A penalty imposed on a Designated Establishment (DE) for failure to submit AEECR and AEUR on 1st offense.

A. None

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B. Php 100,000.00

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C. Php 500,000.00

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D. Php 1,000,000.00

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65. What is the purpose of heat recovery in an HVAC system?

A. To cool the air

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B. To reduce humidity

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C. To capture and reuse waste heat

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D. To improve air quality

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66. Installing __________ should be a major effort of an energy management program to achieve desired results.

A. Controls

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B. Automation

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C. Energy managers

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D. Systems

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67. _________ is the country’s major energy source with 32.2 percent of the Total Primary Energy Supply in 2022.

A. Coal

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B. Oil

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C. Natural gas

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D. Renewables

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68. __________ specifies which data to collect, how to collect them and how often to collect them.

A. Energy review

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B. Data collection plan

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C. Energy action plan

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D. Measurement plan

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69. In the context of HVAC, what does VAV stand for?

A. Variable Air Volume

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B. Very Airy Ventilation

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C. Viscous Air Velocity

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D. Ventilation Adjustment Valve

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70. An electricity rate offered by utilities to encourage customers to use less energy at peak times to alleviate demand in the distribution network.

A. Demand rate

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B. Time-of-use rate

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C. Tiered or block rate

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D. Unit rate

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71. Which of the following methods of control is an example of an automatic, open loop system?

A. Thermostat

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B. Manual switch

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C. Pressure sensor

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D. Timer

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72. Which standard specifies minimum requirements for ventilation and indoor air quality?

A. ASHRAE 55

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B. ASHRAE 62.1

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C. ASHRAE 90.2

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D. ASHRAE 189.1

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73. The two biggest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the Philippines in 2022 are:

A. Power generation and transportation sectors

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B. Electricity and power generation sectors

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C. Electricity and industrial sectors

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D. Manufacturing and commercial sectors

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74. What is the purpose of an economizer in a boiler system?

A. To preheat the combustion air

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B. To pre-heat the feedwater

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C. To reduce stack temperatures

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D. To increase the amount of excess air

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75. Ensuring that regular energy audits are carried out is the responsibility of the:

A. Energy manager

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B. Energy auditor

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C. ESCO

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D. All of the above

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76. If 1000 watts of electrical equipment is operated for 1 hour, how much energy is consumed?

A. 1 kWh

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B. 10 kWh

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C. 100 kWh

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D. None of the above

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77. A steam generator in a small power plant produces superheated steam. Water at a flow rate of 2,000 kg/hr enters the generator at 120°C and exits as superheated steam at a temperature of 300°C. The specific enthalpy of liquid water at the inlet is 504 kJ/kg, and the specific enthalpy of superheated steam at the outlet is 3,080 kJ/kg. Calculate the heat transfer rate required in the steam generator.

A. 1230.9 kW

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B. 1319.2 kW

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C. 1429.25 kW

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D. 1592.3 kW

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78. Calculate the percentage of outside air provided to a building when the outside air temperature is 50°F, the return air is 70°F, and the mixed air temperature is 65°F.

A. 20%

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B. 25%

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C. 33%

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D. 40%

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79. An office of 8m long by 7m long requires an illumination level of 400 lux on the working plane. It is proposed to use 80 W fluorescent light fittings having a rated output of 7,375 lumen each. Assuming a utilization factor of 0.5 and a maintenance factor of 0.8, calculate the number of light fittings required.

A. 15

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B. 10

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C. 8

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D. 12

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80. A gas undergoes an isobaric (constant pressure) expansion from a volume of 3 cubic meters (m³) to 8 cubic meters (m³) at a constant pressure of 150 kPa. Calculate the work done by the gas during this expansion process.

Use the formula for work done during an isobaric process: Q = P⋅ΔV

A. 550 KJ

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B. 750 KJ

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C. 700 KJ

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D. 680 KJ

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81. In a chemical plant, a flash evaporation process is used to separate a mixture. The process operates by partially vaporizing the feed at a constant pressure. The feed enters the flash drum at a rate of 1.2 kg/s with a temperature of 90°C and leaves as a saturated vapor at a pressure of 5 bar. The latent heat of vaporization for the mixture at 5 bar is 1,800 kJ/kg. Calculate the heat transfer rate required for the vaporization process.

A. 2,160 kW

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B. 1,840 kW

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C. 1,429 kW

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D. 2,480 kW

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82. The air handling unit for an office has a 20 HP motor that operates at full speed. An energy audit of the office has determined that the air flow of the HVAC system can be reduced by 20%. What is the new HP requirement for the air handling unit motor?

A. 10.2 HP

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B. 12.4 HP

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C. 15.1 HP

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D. 16.0 HP

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83. A 3-phase AC induction motor (20 kW capacity) is used for pumping operation. Electrical parameter such as current, volt and power factor were measured with power analyzer. Find the energy consumption of the motor in one hour? (line volts. = 440 V, line current = 25 amps and PF = 0.90).

A. 12.20 kWh

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B. 27.45 kWh

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C. 17.15 kWh

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D. 18.30 kWh

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84. The lumen depreciation factor of a lighting system is 0.85 and the dirt depreciation factor is 0.8. What is the overall light loss factor?

A. 0.85

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B. 0.68

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C. 1.65

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D. 0.80

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85. A 55 HP diesel engine running for two hours will deliver ______.

A. 82.06 kWh

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B. 110 kWh

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C. 41 kWh

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D. 1.49 kWh

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86. A large picture window in a home overlooks a scenic view but also faces the afternoon sun, leading to increased heat inside the house. The window measures 2.5 m by 2 m, and the temperature difference between the outside and the inside during a sunny afternoon is 20°C. The overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of the window is 1.1 W/m²·°C. Calculate the heat gain through the wind

Use the formula: H=U⋅A⋅ΔT

A. 120 W

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B. 140 W

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C. 130 W

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D. 110 W

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87. A 500kVA substation @ 70% Power Factor, find max load @ 80% capacity.

A. 380 kW

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B. 480 kW

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C. 280 kW

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D. 180 kW

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88. A classroom is being cooled by an air conditioning system. The air enters the room at a temperature of 14°C and leaves the room at a temperature of 24°C. The air flow rate is 1.2 kg/s. The specific heat capacity of air is approximately 1.005 kJ/kg·°C. Calculate the sensible cooling load of the air conditioning system in the classroom.

A. 10 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 12 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 8 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 6 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

89. What is the group relamping interval for 1,500 fixtures operating 3,000 hours per year. The lamps within the fixtures are supposed to last 15,000 hours, but you want to do group relamping at 75% of rated life.

A. 2.35 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 1.50 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 4.15 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 3.75 years

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

90. A facility has a power factor of 0.83 and would like to increase this to 0.90 by installing a capacitor bank. If the demand in the facility is 1,200 kW, what size capacitor bank should be connected?

A. 207 kVAR

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 218 kVAR

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 225 kVAR

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D. 236 kVAR

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

91. The power demand of a fan at full speed is 10kW. What is the power demand when the speed of the fan is slowed down to 80%.

A. 5.12 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 3.12 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 4.12 kW

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D. 6.12 kW

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

92. A wall of an office building faces the sun during peak hours and experiences significant heat gain. The wall has a length of 5 m and height of 3 m and the temperature difference between the outside and inside is 25°C. The overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of the wall is 0.5 W/m²·°C. Calculate the heat gain through the wall. Use the formula: q=U x A x ∆T

A. 187.5 W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 350 W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 375 W

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D. 450 W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

93. The three phases of an electrical supply have voltages of 235 V, 245 V, and 246 V. Calculate the percentage of voltage imbalance in this system.

A. 1.7%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 2.9%

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C. 3.1%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 4.2%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

94. Determine the energy efficiency of a car engine given that:

– Engine delivered 82.06 kWh over 2 hours

– Used 20 liters of diesel

A. 30.0%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 38.7%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 24.4%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 4.1%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

95. An industrial process requires cooling of a fluid from 80°C to 30°C. The process operates continuously with a fluid mass flow rate of 0.5 kg/s. The specific heat capacity of the fluid is 3,800 J/kg·°C. Calculate the cooling load required by this process.

A. 85,000W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 95,000W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 105,000W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 55,000W

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

96. The apparent power in a facility with a real power demand of 600 kW and a power factor of 0.87 is:

A. 522 kVA

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 612 kVA

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 690 kVA

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 705 kVA

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

97. The high bay lamps in a factory are mounted 45 feet above the floor. The lighting level at the floor is 10 footcandles. One area of the warehouse needs to increase the lighting level to 50 footcandles, so it is proposed that the lamps in this area be lowered. What is the greatest lamp height that would provide the required lighting level?

A. 20 feet

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 24 feet

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 27 feet

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 31 feet

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

98. A water tube boiler operates with an efficiency of 85%. It consumes 500,000 kJ/hr of fuel to produce steam. Calculate the useful energy output (in the form of steam) from the boiler.

A. 450,000 kJ/hr

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 470,000 kJ/hr

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 425,000 kJ/hr

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 500,000 kJ/hr

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

99. What is the load factor of a 10 HP motor with an efficiency of 94.1% when it is producing 6.3 kW of power?

A. 79%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 81%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 83%

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D. 85%

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

100. A gas undergoes an isobaric (constant pressure) expansion from a volume of 3 cubic meters (m³) to 8 cubic meters (m³) at a constant pressure of 150 kPa. Calculate the work done by the gas during this expansion process.

Use the formula for work done during an isobaric process: Q = P⋅ΔV

A. 550 KJ

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. 750 KJ

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. 700 KJ

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. 680 KJ

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Certification Exam (EMCC) – March 2024

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